The behavioral model says that people learn behavior patterns. Human behavior is studied and therefore all behavior can be not learned and new behavior can be learned in its place.
Behavioral Approach: This approach does not give significance to the interior brisk of behavior. The behaviorist believes in evidence which they feel are precise, noticeable, and quantifiable. Thus they focus on learning of stimulus-learning response connections and their augmentation. According to them personality can be understood as the reaction of an individual to the surrounding. They see evolution as the change in the reaction of attribute. i.e. the person learns new conduct in reaction to the surrounding and stimuli.
TYPES OF LEARNING:
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING: This type of learning was first studied by Pavlov which has major influence on school of thoughts in psychology. Pavlov tried to condition the involuntary response of salvation in dogs when they see food. He would give food accompanied by bell sound. After multiple trials when he just rang the bell and didn’t serve any food, the dog was conditioned to salivate when the bell rang. So, he conditioned them to salivate to a conditioned stimulus which is the bell with the association of the unconditioned stimulus that is food. The response observed with the help of the conditioned stimuli (sound of the bell) is called conditioned response. Classical conditioning means learning through association where the subjects associates an unconditioned stimulus (food) with a conditioned stimulus (bell) and gives a conditioned response (saliva).
OPERANT CONDITIONING: Skinner proposed the theory on operant conditioning by conducting various experiments on animals. Operant conditioning is learning through positive or negative reinforcement. Skinner did a study where he used a special box for his experiments known as the Skinner’s box for on the rats. He kept a rat in a box and didn’t give him food. Eventually, the rat accidentally pressed a lever, he got food. So when the rat pressed the lever once again, he realized that, when the lever was pressed, he would get food and so he started
doing it again and again. Hence, in this situation the reward is the food and thus is a positive reinforcement.
OBSERVATIONAL/SOCIAL LEARNING: Observational learning explains the process of learning through observing others, gathering the information, and later reproducing the observed behavior. The learning of behavior by observing someone occurs through modelling. For e.g. Bandura did a study in the area of aggression with kids and a bobo doll. The kids would watch a video of an adult with the bobo doll. The adults acted as models for the aggressive behavior. He made two groups, one group watched the video where the adult did not show any aggressive behavior with the bobo doll while the video for the second group showed aggressive behavior like punching or kicking. After watching the video, they were taken into a room where they were with the same kind of bobo doll. The behavior of the child with the bobo doll was observed. Bandura found that the group that watched the aggressive video was more likely to act aggressively with the doll than the group that did not watch the aggressive video. The study demonstrated that behavior can be learned through observation and kids are more likely to model violence when they see adult being violent on TV.